1-h plasma D-xylose levels were measured in 48 untreated patients, 41 treated patients and 41 healthy controls. 4-h urine D-xylose excretion was measured in 47 untreated patients, 51 treated patients and 42 healthy controls. 100 mg of (13)C-D-xylose and 5 g of D-xylose were dissolved in 250 ml tap water and given orally. (13)CO(2) was measured in breath every 30 min for 4 h. Blood was sampled after 1 h, and urine collected after 4 h. Results. Test sensitivity/specificity for celiac disease was 88%/84% with the (13)C-D-xylose breath test, 65%/71% with the 1-h plasma D-xylose test, and 55%/74% with the 4-h urine D-xylose excretion test. Breath test results improved

significantly in the treated celiac group compared to untreated patients, but were not normalized compared LY2835219 in vivo to healthy controls. No difference was found between 1-h plasma D-xylose levels and check details 4-h urinary D-xylose excretion in treated celiac patients and healthy controls. Conclusions. The (13)C-D-xylose breath test was superior to D-xylose testing in plasma and urine for assessment of small intestinal malabsorption with considerably higher sensitivity and specificity for untreated celiac disease.”
“Background: Schistosomiasis mansoni is a debilitating and sometimes fatal disease. Accurate diagnosis plays a key role in patient

management and infection control. However, currently available parasitological methods are laborious and lack sensitivity. The selection of target antigen candidates has turned out to be a promising tool

for the development of more sensitive diagnostic methods. In our previous investigations, the use of crude antigens led to false-positive results. Recently, focus has been given to highly purified Schistosoma mansoni antigens, especially to circulating antigens.\n\nMethod: Thus, our main goal was to test different types of circulating cathodic antigen glycoprotein (CCA), as “crude antigen,” the protein chain of recombinant CCA and two individual peptides. These schistosome proteins/peptides were Napabucasin in vivo tested in a new diagnostic method employing immunomagnetic separation based on the improvement of antigen-antibody binding.\n\nPrincipal Findings: Use of recombinant CCA as a diagnostic antigen allowed us to develop a diagnostic assay with high sensitivity and specificity with no false-negative results. Interestingly, the “crude antigen” worked as a good marker for control of cure after praziquantel treatment.\n\nConclusions/Significance: Our new diagnostic method was superior to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in diagnosing low endemicity patients.”
“BACKGROUND & AIMS: Gastric ischemia is infrequently reported in the medical literature and under-recognized clinically and histopathologically. Various medical terms are used to describe gastric ischemia. We define and review the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of gastric ischemia.\n\nMETHODS: We describe 6 cases of gastric ischemia.